{"entities":{"Q12915":{"pageid":15258,"ns":120,"title":"Item:Q12915","lastrevid":183646,"modified":"2025-12-03T12:14:16Z","type":"item","id":"Q12915","labels":{"de":{"language":"de","value":"Der L\u00e4ndercode in der GND \u2013 Leitfaden zu seiner Vergabe | GND-Allgemeines"}},"descriptions":{},"aliases":{},"claims":{"P643":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P643","datavalue":{"value":"GND-A-LC","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$B54EC1A4-7B00-4978-8148-0B9CDB1644FF","rank":"normal"}],"P7":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Einf\u00fchrung","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"2625975becf180992cded0945ca77145080ae065","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1343,"id":"Q1343"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$E8BDDA15-8DCD-442A-8583-83E358BCBAB3","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Allgemeines zum L\u00e4ndercode ISO 3166","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$2C2D42A1-4511-485A-832D-E1AE3BA3F8BF","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"

Der L\u00e4ndercode besteht aus drei Teilen:

","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$F191AD82-B771-4F29-BBC5-C69BA286DD40","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Der Standard reserviert bestimmte Buchstaben f\u00fcr benutzerdefinierte Verwendungen:
AA, QM-QZ, XA-XZ und ZZ.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$4EDD9ECE-1110-4547-946D-3466459E284B","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Allgemeines zur Verwendung des L\u00e4ndercodes ISO 3166 in der Gemeinsamen Normdatei","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$362ADB0D-C951-42CF-9511-C00C9EB64093","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Verwenden Sie in der Gemeinsamen Normdatei ISO 3166-1, ISO 3166-2 f\u00fcr Deutschland, \u00d6sterreich, Schweiz, Tibet und Trentino-S\u00fcdtirol und ISO 3166-3. Die genannten Codes haben folgende Struktur:","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$090ABE76-6453-49F7-A20B-520FDF068E28","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$91E9B8D6-A771-451F-BA76-85C0A446FF21","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Die Gemeinsame Normdatei nutzt die vom Standard vorgesehenen Buchstaben f\u00fcr benutzerdefinierte Verwendungen. Es handelt sich dabei um die Codierung von Kontinenten und Ozeanen, kontinent\u00fcbergreifenden Staatengruppen, historischen Gebieten, einzelnen Ethnografika und einen Platzhalter-Code. Dar\u00fcber hinaus gibt es zwei weitere benutzerdefinierte Codes (XA-DXDE und XA-AAAT), die aus der ehemaligen Gemeinsamen K\u00f6rperschaftsdatei stammen, aber nicht dem ISO-Standard entsprechen. 
Sie finden weiterhin nur bei K\u00f6rperschaften und Geografika, also den Entit\u00e4ten der ehemaligen Gemeinsamen K\u00f6rperschaftsdatei, Verwendung (N\u00e4heres siehe K\u00f6rperschaften und Gebietsk\u00f6rperschaften).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$5DDCE40D-B22F-42B3-9FD4-5B2A4793975E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"

Stellen Sie den Ländercodes nach ISO 3166 immer eine benutzerdefinierte Hierarchisierung voran und erfassen Sie deshalb bis zu drei Elemente, die durch Bindestrich angeschlossen werden: 

Erdteile, Meere (benutzerdefiniert)

Staat (Beispiele, ISO 3166-1)

Gliedstaat (Beispiele, ISO 3166-2)

XA Europa

XA-AT Österreich

XA-AT-9 Wien

XB Asien

XB-CN China

XA-DE-HE Hessen

XC Afrika

XC-GH Ghana

XB-CN-54 Tibet

XD Amerika

XD-PE Peru

 

XE Australien

XE-NZ Neuseeland

 

XH Arktis

XI-AQ Antarktika

XI Antarktis

XK-GL Grönland 

XK Atlantischer Ozean

XL-RE Reunion 

XL Indischer Ozean

XM-PN Pitcairn 

XM Pazifischer Ozean

  
","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$EC8B1F86-A1B0-47DF-9943-7253F7FDBFCE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Mit Hilfe des L\u00e4ndercodes werden Datens\u00e4tze in der Gemeinsamen Normdatei r\u00e4umlich-geografisch systematisiert, und zwar in den gegenw\u00e4rtigen politischen Grenzen der heutigen Staaten. Dem Gebiet jedes von den Vereinten Nationen anerkannten Staates entspricht jeweils ein spezieller L\u00e4ndercode. Dar\u00fcber hinaus werden K\u00f6rperschaften und Gebietsk\u00f6rperschaften mittels des L\u00e4ndercodes politisch-administrativ eingeordnet.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$6E852712-5329-4029-B287-6F7B06E296D9","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Auf diese Weise sind unter jedem L\u00e4ndercode alle Datens\u00e4tze zusammengefasst, die sich geografisch dem durch ihn repr\u00e4sentierten Gebiet zuordnen lassen. Damit bietet der L\u00e4ndercode, insbesondere f\u00fcr die kombinierte Suche im Online-Katalog, eine wichtige zus\u00e4tzliche r\u00e4umlich-systematische Zugriffsm\u00f6glichkeit.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$972166DA-4E7A-4023-901A-7E6EF46ACA19","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Verwendung der L\u00e4ndercodes bei einzelnen Entit\u00e4tstypen","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"2625975becf180992cded0945ca77145080ae065","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1343,"id":"Q1343"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$B5F70568-CF62-4FE6-90E4-07736CF1451D","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Allgemeines","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$8734475E-0B8B-4582-8893-9BC420C4EB02","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Vergeben Sie maximal vier verschiedene L\u00e4ndercodes. Eine Reihenfolge bei der Angabe der Codes ist nicht festgelegt.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$416F4A91-39E4-4026-B011-2A8C6F7A05DB","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"K\u00f6nnen Sie keinen L\u00e4ndercode vergeben, setzen Sie stattdessen den Code \u201eZZ\u201c als Platzhalter.","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$44BEE7A9-ECC9-4F4D-A891-389D1D4F6769","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Erfassen Sie f\u00fcr aktuell vorhandene Geografika, noch bestehende K\u00f6rperschaften, Konferenzen und Konferenzfolgen sowie f\u00fcr noch lebende Personen nur den zum Zeitpunkt der Erfassung g\u00fcltigen Code (ISO 3166-1 bzw. ISO 3166-2 gem\u00e4\u00df der getroffenen Auswahl).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$8617DD2C-8C28-4B03-97A8-AA83FF3BFC74","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Erfassen Sie f\u00fcr nicht mehr existierende K\u00f6rperschaften, Konferenzen, Gebietsk\u00f6rperschaften und verstorbene Personen, wenn m\u00f6glich, den zeitlich zutreffenden Code gem\u00e4\u00df ISO 3166-3 und den aktuellen Code (ISO 3166-1 bzw. ISO 3166-2 gem\u00e4\u00df der getroffenen Auswahl).","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$45B98784-3250-41CA-9916-2FFE9AE2391A","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Personen","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"d6941d6c1c2ea2566e397405a3d1e6482fce8ef6","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12916,"id":"Q12916"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$AD70C2A7-E9CA-4868-85E9-CA31446B0A3E","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Familien","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"748346ce3fd6d7364b338368640b09650d7234c0","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12917,"id":"Q12917"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$90C6469A-5FE4-4857-A631-A3D7789357AE","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"K\u00f6rperschaften","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"22f6a49b8fca75a6533285d7125439a49a80cbb1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12918,"id":"Q12918"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$BB94C445-7903-4D52-819C-63A24654B64C","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Konferenzen","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"ed7b606af32a9a46d83bfb6a2abdb0eeb15b9a06","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12919,"id":"Q12919"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$51455D22-0C91-4090-A42F-618A1343D8DC","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Geografika","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"a94152ab2064d301873bb2f2b2c3c75792dd42c1","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12920,"id":"Q12920"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$8E6988CF-CF18-4F3E-B616-541711BD4CB0","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Werke","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"cc334db17253efa16ca842bf27592615548c4d37","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12927,"id":"Q12927"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$5211E97C-3B4F-4C87-812A-6FB8B244D464","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Sonstige Individualbegriffe","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"c4d8d2b810fa21f063d7b518fb92455c717c4d17","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12925,"id":"Q12925"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$D72FDEA7-F736-4CA8-A933-C706C4BF7593","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Allgemeinbegriffe mit geografischem Bezug","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"be569ca0b2a8a214163ae8adac8cdcce81c7881e","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12924,"id":"Q12924"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$4A5C7404-A28C-4D1E-8AB5-EFEBD6965120","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"Benutzerdefinierte Codes","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"2625975becf180992cded0945ca77145080ae065","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1343,"id":"Q1343"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389"],"id":"Q12915$9444585E-7602-439A-9E94-E071C747FF65","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"L\u00e4ndercodes f\u00fcr historische Geografika","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"d165caf69cc249feb01467d247fb1077bb3f4cb3","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12928,"id":"Q12928"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$316548F8-296C-47EF-A6C1-61BFA0A2D090","rank":"normal"},{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P7","datavalue":{"value":"L\u00e4ndercodes f\u00fcr kontinent\u00fcbergreifende Staatengruppen und Sonstiges","type":"string"},"datatype":"string"},"type":"statement","qualifiers":{"P389":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P389","hash":"f0051b59123b47a2a2a64a4dd558dee5df57f146","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1346,"id":"Q1346"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}],"P396":[{"snaktype":"value","property":"P396","hash":"2eb18f95012c3e2d48e7b28f99b99c2c5d3a8ec5","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":12929,"id":"Q12929"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"}]},"qualifiers-order":["P389","P396"],"id":"Q12915$9685DDAA-9056-4CE3-A1B1-5AF676B731B5","rank":"normal"}],"P2":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P2","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":8557,"id":"Q8557"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$DB9B5D7B-C591-472A-9F10-138396EFD422","rank":"normal"}],"P110":[{"mainsnak":{"snaktype":"value","property":"P110","datavalue":{"value":{"entity-type":"item","numeric-id":1,"id":"Q1"},"type":"wikibase-entityid"},"datatype":"wikibase-item"},"type":"statement","id":"Q12915$FA63A11C-BCE5-4A07-9333-4F6157604416","rank":"normal"}]},"sitelinks":{}}}}